ISOSTATIC PRESSING
This type of operation is used for compaction of powders. *The process is similar to pressing using cupped hands for making snow balls.
Cold Isostatic Pressing
In cold isostatic pressing (CIP) the metal powder is placed in a flexible mould made of rubber or Urethane or PVC. The assembly is then pressurized hydrostatically in a chamber usually using water. Pressures of 400 to 1000MPa are used.
Cold Isostatic Pressing
The powder is enclosed in flexible container around a solid core rod. Pressure is applied isostatically to the assembly inside a high pressure chamber. The powder gets compacted and the green compact is taken out and sintered.
Hot Isostatic Pressing
In Hot Isostatic Pressing (HIP) a metal powder is stressed using inert gas in a metal container. Pressure of 100MPa at 1000oC is used. Here a container made of very high melting point metal is used.*An inert gas is used as the pressuring media.The main advantage of HIP is its ability to produce compacts with essentially 100% density, good metallurgical bonding among the particles with good mechanical properties. HIP process is relatively expensive and is used for making super alloy components for aerospace industry. It is regularly used for the densification of WC cutting tools and PM tool steels.
HIP is also used to close the internal porosity and improve properties in superalloy and Ti alloy castings for the aerospace industry.The main advantage of isostatic pressing is the absence of wall friction as pressure is being applied from all directions.It produces compacts of practically uniform grain structure and density irrespective of shape.
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