Main uses of Isostatic Graphite

Main uses of Isostatic Graphite

1.1 Czochralski monocrystalline silicon thermal field and heater for polycrystalline silicon ingot furnace

       In the thermal field of Czochralski monocrystalline silicon, the components of isostatic pressing graphite include crucibles, heaters, electrodes, heat shielding plates, seed crystal holders, bases for rotating crucibles, various circular plates, heat reflecting plates, etc. 30 types. Among them, 80% of the isostatic graphite is used in the manufacture of crucibles and heaters.

       In recent years, the requirements for the diameter of single crystal silicon rods have become larger and larger, and the production of 300mm wafers has become increasingly mainstream. Correspondingly, the diameter of the heating zone of the single crystal furnace is mostly 800 mm. In order to protect the quartz crucible placed in the furnace, the diameter of the graphite crucible in the furnace reaches 860 mm, and the diameter of the heater is about 960 to 1000 mm. up to 1500 mm.

       Since 2003, people's awareness of protecting the earth's living environment has gradually increased, and people have increasingly favored natural energy sources that do not emit carbon dioxide. In this trend, the production of solar cells has surged. In the manufacturing process of polycrystalline silicon wafers for solar cells, polycrystalline silicon fragments are first melted and cast into polycrystalline silicon ingots. Among them, the heater of the ingot furnace needs to be made of isostatic graphite.

1.2 Atomic energy industry

       In recent years, the global climate has been warming. Carbon dioxide from the use of fossil fuels is thought to be the main cause of this problem. In recent years, although the economic growth of developing countries has achieved remarkable results, the problem of insufficient power has deeply troubled these countries. Under such circumstances, people's eyes have turned to atomic power generation, which has a much higher energy flux density than solar cells and wind power, and does not emit carbon dioxide and sulfur oxides.

       At present, most of the nuclear reactors that have been put into use in the world are mainly light water reactors. The working principle of this type of reactor is to use the heat energy generated during nuclear cracking to gasify cold water into water vapor at 300 °C, which drives the turbine to generate electricity. However, due to the low temperature of the water reactor, the power generation efficiency of the light water reactor is not too high.

       In contrast, high temperature gas-cooled reactors do not have such problems. It uses inert gas (helium) as the coolant, not only the core outlet temperature can reach nearly 1000 ℃, high power generation efficiency, but also suitable for hydrogen production. It can be said that the power supply and environmental protection are both correct. Graphite is suitable as the core material of this high-temperature gas-cooled reactor, because graphite is not only resistant to high temperature, but also absorbs less neutrons and has good heat transfer performance.

       The fuel and material resources of nuclear fusion are almost inexhaustible, and the energy released during the reaction is also very huge. For long-term nuclear fusion, the plasma must be maintained at a certain temperature. Graphite is an indispensable material for the maintenance of nuclear fusion plasma.

1.2.1  Nuclear fission reactor (high temperature gas-cooled reactor)

       Graphite is a neutron moderator and an excellent reflector. Many of its own excellent characteristics have established its position in the nuclear industry. Graphite can not only meet the needs of industrial mass production, but also have the characteristics of high mechanical strength and high temperature resistance required by structural materials, so graphite is suitable as a structural material for high-temperature gas-cooled reactors.

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